Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa imichiza, uxinzelelo aluchaphazeli nje kuphela ubudlelwane bokulinganisela kunye nesantya sokuphendula kwenkqubo yokuvelisa, kodwa kuchaphazela iiparitha ezibalulekileyo zokulinganisela kwezinto zenkqubo.Kwinkqubo yokuveliswa kwamashishini, ezinye zifuna uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu kunoxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric, olufana noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-polyethylene.I-Polymerization iqhutyelwa kuxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-150MPA, kwaye ezinye kufuneka ziqhutywe kuxinzelelo olubi oluphantsi kakhulu kunoxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric.Okufana ne-vacuum distillation kwiindawo zokucoca ioli.Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-steam yesityalo sekhemikhali se-PTA yi-8.0MPA, kunye noxinzelelo lwe-oksijini yokutya malunga ne-9.0MPAG.Umlinganiselo woxinzelelo ubanzi kakhulu, umqhubi kufuneka athobele ngokungqongqo imigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa uxinzelelo, ukuqinisa ukugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla, kunye naluphi na ukungakhathali okanye ukungakhathali.Zonke zingenza umonakalo omkhulu kunye nelahleko, ukusilela ukufikelela kwiinjongo zomgangatho ophezulu, isivuno esiphezulu, ukusetyenziswa okuphantsi kunye nemveliso ekhuselekileyo.
Icandelo lokuqala ingcamango esisiseko yokulinganisa uxinzelelo
- Inkcazo yoxinzelelo
Kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, oku ngokuqhelekileyo kubhekiselwa kuwo njengoxinzelelo kubhekiselele kumandla asebenza ngokufanayo kunye ngokuthe nkqo kwindawo yeyunithi, kwaye ubungakanani bayo buchongwa ngummandla ophethe amandla kunye nobukhulu bamandla amileyo.Ibonakaliswa ngokwemathematika ngolu hlobo:
P=F/S apho u-P iluxinzelelo, u-F ungamandla athe nkqo kunye no-S yindawo yamandla
- Iyunithi yoxinzelelo
Kwitekhnoloji yobunjineli, ilizwe lam lamkela iNkqubo yeeYunithi zaMazwe ngaMazwe (SI).Iyunithi yokubala uxinzelelo yi-Pa (Pa), i-1Pa luxinzelelo oluveliswa ngamandla e-1 Newton (N) esebenza ngokuthe nkqo kwaye ngokufanayo kwindawo ye-square meter (M2), echazwe njenge-N / m2 (Newton / imitha yesikwere) , Ukongeza kwi-Pa, iyunithi yoxinzelelo ingaba neekhilopascals kunye ne-megapascals.Ubudlelwane boguqulo phakathi kwabo bu: 1MPA=103KPA=106PA
Ngenxa yeminyaka emininzi yomkhwa, uxinzelelo lomoya wobunjineli lusasetyenziswa kubunjineli.Ukuze kuququzelelwe ukuguqulwa okulinganayo ekusetyenzisweni, ubudlelwane bokuguqulwa phakathi kweeyunithi ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zokulinganisa uxinzelelo zidweliswe kwi-2-1.
| Iyunithi yoxinzelelo | Umoya wobunjineli Kg/cm2 | mmHg | mmH2O | atm | Pa | ibha | 1b/nge2 |
| Kgf/cm2 | 1 | 0.73×103 | 104 | 0.9678 | 0.99×105 | 0.99×105 | 14.22 |
| MmmHg | 1.36×10-3 | 1 | 13.6 | 1.32×102 | 1.33×102 | 1.33×10-3 | 1.93×10-2 |
| mmH2o | 10-4 | 0.74×10-2 | 1 | 0.96×10-4 | 0.98×10 | 0.93×10-4 | 1.42×10-3 |
| Atm | 1.03 | 760 | 1.03×104 | 1 | 1.01×105 | 1.01 | 14.69 |
| Pa | 1.02×10-5 | 0.75×10-2 | 1.02×10-2 | 0.98×10-5 | 1 | 1 × 10-5 | 1.45×10-4 |
| Ibha | 1.019 | 0.75 | 1.02×104 | 0.98 | 1×105 | 1 | 14.50 |
| Ib/in2 | 0.70 × 10-2 | 51.72 | 0.70×103 | 0.68×10-2 | 0.68×104 | 0.68×10-2 | 1 |
- Iindlela zokubonisa uxinzelelo
Zintathu iindlela zokubonisa uxinzelelo: uxinzelelo olupheleleyo, uxinzelelo lwegeyiji, uxinzelelo olubi okanye ivacuum.
Uxinzelelo phantsi kwevacuum epheleleyo ibizwa ngokuba yi-absolute zero yoxinzelelo, kwaye uxinzelelo olubonakaliswa ngokwesiseko soxinzelelo olupheleleyo lwe-zero lubizwa ngokuba luxinzelelo olupheleleyo.
Uxinzelelo lwegeyiji luxinzelelo olubonakaliswa ngokwesiseko soxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric, ngoko ke lumoya omnye (0.01Mp) kude noxinzelelo olupheleleyo.
Oko kukuthi: itafile = P ngokupheleleyo-P enkulu (2-2)
Uxinzelelo olubi ludla ngokubizwa ngokuba yivacuum.
Ingabonwa kwifomyula (2-2) ukuba uxinzelelo olubi luxinzelelo lwe-gauge xa uxinzelelo olupheleleyo luphantsi kunoxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric.
Ubudlelwane phakathi koxinzelelo olupheleleyo, uxinzelelo lwegeyiji, uxinzelelo olubi okanye i-vacuum iboniswe kumzobo ongezantsi:
Uninzi lweempawu zoxinzelelo olusetyenziswayo kushishino luxinzelelo lwe-gauge, oko kukuthi, ixabiso elibonisa i-gauge ye-pressure gauge ngumahluko phakathi koxinzelelo olupheleleyo kunye noxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric, ngoko ke uxinzelelo olupheleleyo sisimbuku soxinzelelo lwe-gauge kunye noxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric.
Icandelo lesi-2 loHlelo lweZixhobo zokuLinganisa uxinzelelo
Uluhlu loxinzelelo oluza kulinganiswa kwimveliso yeekhemikhali lubanzi kakhulu, kwaye nganye inomsebenzi wayo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo.Oku kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokulinganisa uxinzelelo kunye nezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo kunye nemigaqo yokusebenza eyahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zemveliso.Iimfuno ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokwemigaqo yoguqulo eyahlukeneyo, izixhobo zokulinganisa uxinzelelo zinokwahlulwa ngokweendidi ezine: iigeyiji zoxinzelelo lwekholamu yolwelo;iigeji zoxinzelelo lwe-elastic;iigeji zoxinzelelo lombane;iigeji zoxinzelelo lwepiston.
- Igeyiji yoxinzelelo lwekholamu yolwelo
Umgaqo-nkqubo wokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwekholomu yolwelo lusekelwe kumgaqo we-hydrostatics.Isixhobo sokulinganisa uxinzelelo esenziwe ngokwalo mgaqo sinesakhiwo esilula, sikulungele ukusetyenziswa, sinokuchaneka kokuchaneka komlinganiselo ophezulu, sincinci, kwaye sinokulinganisa uxinzelelo oluncinci, ngoko lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso.
Iigeyiji zoxinzelelo lwekholomu yolwelo zinokwahlulwa zibe ziigeyiji zoxinzelelo lwe-U-tube, iigeyiji zoxinzelelo lwetyhubhu enye, kunye nezilinganisi zoxinzelelo lwetyhubhu ezithambekileyo ngokwezakhiwo zazo ezahlukeneyo.
- Igeyiji yoxinzelelo lwe-elastic
I-elastic pressure gauge isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yeekhemikhali kuba ineenzuzo ezilandelayo, ezifana nesakhiwo esilula.Iqinile kwaye ithembekile.Inoluhlu olubanzi lokulinganisa, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kulula ukuyifunda, iphantsi kwexabiso, kwaye inokuchaneka okwaneleyo, kwaye kulula ukwenza imiyalelo yokuthumela kunye nokude, ukurekhoda ngokuzenzekelayo, njl.
Igeyiji yoxinzelelo olulastiki yenziwa ngokusebenzisa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezilastiki zeemilo ezahlukeneyo ukuvelisa i-elastic deformation phantsi koxinzelelo oluza kulinganiswa.Ngaphakathi komda weelastiki, ukuphuma kwemveliso ye-elastic element kukubudlelwane bomgca kunye noxinzelelo oluza kulinganiswa., Ngoko ke isikali sayo siyafana, amacandelo e-elastiki ahlukile, uluhlu lomlinganiselo woxinzelelo lwahlukile, njenge-diaphragm edibeneyo kunye nezixhobo ze-bellows, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kuxinzelelo oluphantsi kunye nezihlandlo zokulinganisa uxinzelelo oluphantsi, ityhubhu enye yekhoyili yasentwasahlobo (efinyeziweyo njengetyhubhu yasentwasahlobo) kunye nezihlandlo ezininzi. Ityhubhu ye-coil spring isetyenziselwa ukuphakama, uxinzelelo oluphakathi okanye ukulinganisa kwe-vacuum.Phakathi kwabo, ityhubhu enye ye-coil spring inoluhlu olubanzi lokulinganisa uxinzelelo, ngoko ke lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yeekhemikhali.
- IziThuthi zoxinzelelo
Okwangoku, ii-transmitter zoxinzelelo zombane kunye ne-pneumatic zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizityalo zemichiza.Ziyisixhobo esiqhubeka silinganisa uxinzelelo olulinganisiweyo kwaye luguqulelwe kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo (uxinzelelo lomoya kunye nokhoyo).Ziyakwazi ukuhanjiswa kumgama omde, kwaye uxinzelelo lunokubonakaliswa, lurekhodwe okanye luhlengahlengiswe kwigumbi lokulawula eliphakathi.Zinokwahlulwa zibe nguxinzelelo oluphantsi, uxinzelelo oluphakathi, uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye noxinzelelo olupheleleyo ngokwemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokulinganisa.
Icandelo lesi-3 Intshayelelo yezixhobo zoxinzelelo kwiZityalo zeMichiza
Kwizityalo zemichiza, iigeyiji zoxinzelelo lwetyhubhu yeBourdon zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiigeyiji zoxinzelelo.Nangona kunjalo, i-diaphragm, i-diaphragm ye-corrugated diaphragm kunye ne-spiral pressure gauges nazo zisetyenziswa ngokweemfuno zomsebenzi kunye neemfuno zezinto eziphathekayo.
I-diameter ekhethiweyo ye-gauge yoxinzelelo lwe-site yi-100mm, kwaye izinto eziphathekayo ziyinsimbi engenasici.Ilungele zonke iimeko zemozulu.I-gauge ye-pressure gauge kunye ne-1 / 2HNPT edibeneyo ye-cone edibeneyo, i-glass yokhuseleko kunye ne-membrane ye-vent, isibonakaliso se-site kunye nokulawula i-pneumatic.Ukuchaneka kwayo yi-±0.5% yesikali esipheleleyo.
Isidluliseli soxinzelelo lombane sisetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa komqondiso okude.Ibonakaliswa ngokuchaneka okuphezulu, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu.Ukuchaneka kwayo yi-±0.25% yesikali esipheleleyo.
I-alarm okanye inkqubo ye-interlock isebenzisa ukutshintshwa koxinzelelo.
Icandelo lesi-4 loFakelo, ukuSetyenziswa kunye noLondolozo lweZilinganisi zoxinzelelo
Ukuchaneka komlinganiselo woxinzelelo akuhambelani kuphela nokuchaneka kwe-gauge yoxinzelelo ngokwayo, kodwa nokuba ifakwe ngokufanelekileyo, ingaba ichanekile okanye cha, kwaye isetyenziswe kwaye igcinwe njani.
- Ukufakwa kwegeyiji yoxinzelelo
Xa ufaka i-gauge yoxinzelelo, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ukuba ngaba indlela yoxinzelelo ekhethiweyo kunye nendawo ifanelekile, enefuthe elithe ngqo kubomi bayo benkonzo, ukuchaneka komlinganiselo kunye nomgangatho wokulawula.
Iimfuno zamanqaku okulinganisa uxinzelelo, ngaphezu kokukhetha ngokuchanekileyo indawo ethile yokulinganisa uxinzelelo kwisixhobo sokuvelisa, ngexesha lofakelo, indawo yangaphakathi yokuphela kombhobho woxinzelelo olufakwe kwisixhobo sokuvelisa kufuneka igcinwe igungxulwe kunye nodonga lwangaphakathi lwendawo yokudibanisa. yezixhobo zemveliso.Kufuneka kungabikho protrusions okanye burrs ukuqinisekisa ukuba uxinzelelo static lufunyenwe ngokuchanekileyo.
Indawo yokufakela kulula ukuyiqwalasela, kwaye uzame ukuphepha impembelelo ye-vibration kunye nokushisa okuphezulu.
Xa ulinganisa uxinzelelo lwe-steam, umbhobho we-condensate kufuneka ufakwe ukukhusela ukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwe-steam ephezulu yokushisa kunye namacandelo, kwaye umbhobho kufuneka ufakwe i-insulated ngexesha elifanayo.Kwimithombo yeendaba ebolileyo, iitanki zokuzihlukanisa ezizaliswe ngamajelo angathathi hlangothi kufuneka zifakwe.Ngamafutshane, ngokweepropati ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho olinganisiweyo (ubushushu obuphezulu, ubushushu obuphantsi, ukubola, ukungcola, icrystallization, imvula, i-viscosity, njl.), Thatha i-anti-corrosion ehambelanayo, i-anti-freezing, i-anti-blocking amanyathelo.I-valve yokuvala i-valve kufuneka ifakwe phakathi kwe-port yokuthatha uxinzelelo kunye ne-gauge ye-pressure gauge, ukwenzela ukuba xa i-gauge ye-pressure igqitywe, i-valve yokuvala kufuneka ifakwe kufuphi ne-port yokuthatha uxinzelelo.
Kwimeko yokuqinisekiswa kwendawo kunye nokugungxulwa rhoqo kwi-tube ye-impulse, i-valve yokuvala i-valve ingaba yinto yokutshintsha iindlela ezintathu.
I-catheter ekhokelayo yoxinzelelo ayifanele ibe yinde kakhulu ukunciphisa ubuvila besalathiso soxinzelelo.
- Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokugcinwa kwegeyiji yoxinzelelo
Kwimveliso yeekhemikhali, ii-gauges zoxinzelelo zivame ukuchatshazelwa yi-medium medium ezifana ne-corrosion, ukuqina, i-crystallization, i-viscosity, uthuli, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukushisa okuphezulu kunye nokuguquguquka okubukhali, okuhlala kubangela ukungaphumeleli okuhlukeneyo kwe-gauge.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesixhobo, ukunciphisa ukuvela kokungaphumeleli, kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo, kuyimfuneko ukwenza umsebenzi omhle wokuhlola ukugcinwa kunye nokugcinwa kwesiqhelo ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwemveliso.
1. Ukugcinwa kunye nokuhlolwa phambi kokuqaliswa kwemveliso:
Ngaphambi kokuqaliswa kwemveliso, umsebenzi wokuvavanya uxinzelelo udla ngokuqhutywa kwizixhobo zenkqubo, iipayipi, njl njl.Ivalve exhunywe kwisixhobo kufuneka ivalwe ngexesha lovavanyo loxinzelelo lwenkqubo.Vula ivalve kwisixhobo sokuthatha uxinzelelo kwaye ujonge ukuba kukho ukuvuza kumalungu kunye ne-welding.Ukuba kukho ukuvuza kufunyenwe, kufuneka kupheliswe ngexesha.
Emva kokuba uvavanyo loxinzelelo lugqityiwe.Ngaphambi kokuba ulungiselele ukuqalisa ukuvelisa, khangela ukuba iinkcukacha kunye nemodeli ye-gauge yoxinzelelo olufakiweyo ihambelana noxinzelelo lomgangatho olinganisiweyo ofunwa yinkqubo;ingaba igeyiji yokulinganisa inesatifikethi, kwaye ukuba kukho iimpazamo, kufuneka zilungiswe kwangethuba.Igeyiji yoxinzelelo lwamanzi kufuneka igcwaliswe ngolwelo olusebenzayo, kwaye indawo ye-zero kufuneka ilungiswe.Igeyiji yoxinzelelo enesixhobo sokuzahlula kufuneka yongeze ulwelo olwahlulayo.
2. Ukugcinwa kunye nokuhlolwa kwegeyiji yoxinzelelo xa uqhuba:
Ngethuba lokuqalisa ukuveliswa kwemveliso, ukulinganiswa koxinzelelo lwe-pulsating medium, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme umonakalo kwi-gauge ye-pressure gauge ngenxa yempembelelo yangoko kunye noxinzelelo, i-valve kufuneka ivulwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye iimeko zokusebenza kufuneka zigcinwe.
Ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lokulinganisa umphunga okanye amanzi ashushu, i-condenser kufuneka izaliswe ngamanzi abandayo ngaphambi kokuvula i-valve kwi-gauge yoxinzelelo.Xa kufunyenwe ukuvuza kwisixhobo okanye kwipayipi, ivalve kwisixhobo sokuthatha uxinzelelo kufuneka inqunyulwe kwangethuba, emva koko ujongane nayo.
3. Ukugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla kwegeyiji yoxinzelelo:
Isixhobo esisebenzayo kufuneka sihlolwe rhoqo imihla ngemihla ukugcina imitha icocekile kwaye ihlolisise ukunyaniseka kwemitha.Ukuba ingxaki ifunyenwe, yisuse ngexesha.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-15-2021