Isantya sokuhamba yipharamitha yolawulo lwenkqubo esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo zemveliso yoshishino.Okwangoku, kukho malunga ne-100 yeemitha zokuqukuqela ezahlukeneyo kwimarike.Abasebenzisi kufuneka bakhethe njani iimveliso ezinomgangatho ophezulu kunye nexabiso?Namhlanje, siya kuthatha wonke umntu ukuba aqonde iimpawu zokusebenza zeemitha zokuhamba.
Ukuthelekiswa kweemitha zokuHamba ezahlukeneyo
Uhlobo loxinzelelo olwahlukileyo
Itekhnoloji yokulinganisa uxinzelelo olwahlukileyo ngoku yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu yokulinganisa ukuqukuqela, enokuthi phantse ilinganise ukuhamba kolwelo lwenqanaba elinye kunye nolwelo phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza.Kwiminyaka ye-1970, le teknoloji yayikhe yathatha i-80% yesabelo semarike.I-flowmeter yoxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo ngokuqhelekileyo luqulunqwe ngamacandelo amabini, isixhobo sokutshiza kunye nesidluliseli.Izixhobo ze-throttle, iipleyiti eziqhelekileyo ze-orifice, ii-nozzles, iityhubhu ze-pitot, iityhubhu ze-velocity ezifanayo, njl.Phakathi kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ze-throttling, i-orifice plate yeyona isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esilula kunye nokufakwa lula.Nangona kunjalo, ineemfuno ezingqongqo kwimilinganiselo yokucubungula.Ngethuba nje icutshungulwa kwaye ifakwe ngokuhambelana neenkcukacha kunye neemfuno, ukulinganisa ukuhamba kunokwenziwa ngaphakathi kwinqanaba lokungaqiniseki emva kokuhlolwa okufanelekileyo, kwaye ukuqinisekiswa kwangempela kwamanzi akufuneki.
Zonke izixhobo ze-throttling zinelahleko yoxinzelelo olungafumanekiyo.Ilahleko enkulu yoxinzelelo yi-orifice ebukhali, eyi-25% -40% yokwahlukana okukhulu kwesixhobo.Ilahleko yoxinzelelo lwetyhubhu yePitot incinci kakhulu kwaye inokungahoywa, kodwa ibukhali kakhulu kwiinguqu kwiprofayili yolwelo.
Uhlobo lwendawo eguquguqukayo
Ummeli oqhelekileyo wolu hlobo lwe-flowmeter yi-rotameter.Inzuzo yayo ebalaseleyo kukuba ithe ngqo kwaye ayifuni unikezelo lwamandla lwangaphandle xa ilinganisa kwisiza.
I-Rotameters yahlulwe ibe yi-rotameters yeglasi kunye ne-rotameter ye-tube yesinyithi ngokwemveliso yazo kunye nezixhobo.I-glass rotor flowmeter inesakhiwo esilula, indawo ye-rotor ibonakala ngokucacileyo, kwaye kulula ukuyifunda.Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiqondo lokushisa eliqhelekileyo, uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo, imidiya ecacileyo kunye ne-corrosion, njengomoya, igesi, i-argon, njl. iimpawu eziza kusetyenziswa nezirekhodishi, njl.njl., ukulinganisa ukuqukuqela kokuquleka.
Okwangoku, kukho i-flowmeter yendawo ethe nkqo enentloko ye-conical yasentwasahlobo elayishiweyo kwimarike.Ayinalo uhlobo lokujiya kunye negumbi le-buffer.Inomlinganiselo we-100: 1 kwaye ine-linear output, eyona ifaneleke kakhulu kumlinganiselo we-steam.
Ukushukuma
I-Vortex flowmeter ngummeli oqhelekileyo we-oscillating flow meters.Kukubeka into engeyiyo i-streamlined kwi-front direction ye-fluid, kwaye i-fluid yenza imiqolo emibini ye-vortex ye-asymmetric rhoqo emva kwento.Amaxesha kaloliwe we-vortex alingana nesantya sokuhamba.
Iimpawu zale ndlela yokulinganisa azikho iindawo ezihambayo kumbhobho, ukuphindaphinda ukufundwa, ukuthembeka okulungileyo, ubomi benkonzo ende, uluhlu olubanzi lokulinganisa umgca, phantse aluchatshazelwa lutshintsho lobushushu, uxinzelelo, ubuninzi, i-viscosity, njl., kunye nokulahlekelwa koxinzelelo oluphantsi. .Ukuchaneka okuphezulu (malunga ne-0.5% -1%).Ubushushu bayo bokusebenza bunokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-300℃, kwaye uxinzelelo lwayo lokusebenza lunokufikelela ngaphezulu kwe-30MPa.Nangona kunjalo, ukuhanjiswa kwesantya solwelo kunye nokuhamba kwe-pulsating kuya kuchaphazela ukuchaneka komlinganiselo.
Imidiya eyahlukeneyo inokusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-vortex sensing eyahlukeneyo.Kwi-steam, i-disc ye-vibrating okanye i-piezoelectric crystal ingasetyenziswa.Kumoya, i-thermal okanye i-ultrasonic ingasetyenziswa.Kumanzi, phantse zonke iitekhnoloji zokuva ziyasebenza.Njengamacwecwe e-orifice, i-vortex I-coefficient yokuhamba kwemitha yokuhamba yesitrato nayo inqunywe yisethi yemilinganiselo.
I-electromagnetic
Olu hlobo lwe-flowmeter lusebenzisa ubukhulu bombane owenziweyo owenziweyo xa i-conductive flow flowing kwintsimi yamagnetic ukuze ibone ukuhamba.Ke ngoko ilungele kuphela imidiya eqhubayo.Ngokwethiyori, le ndlela ayichatshazelwa bubushushu, uxinzelelo, ukuxinana kunye ne-viscosity ye-fluid, umlinganiselo woluhlu ungafikelela kwi-100: 1, ukuchaneka malunga ne-0.5%, ububanzi bombhobho osebenzayo buvela kwi-2mm ukuya kwi-3m, kwaye ngokubanzi isetyenziswe emanzini kunye nodaka, Intlama okanye umlinganiselo wokuqukuqela ongcolisayo.
Ngenxa yophawu olubuthathaka, ii-electromagnetic flowmeterngokuqhelekileyo kuphela i-2.5-8mV kwisikali esipheleleyo, kwaye isantya sokuhamba sincinci kakhulu, kuphela iimilivolthi ezimbalwa, ezinokuthi zithintele ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle.Ngako oko, kuyafuneka ukuba indlu yothumelo, ucingo olukhuselekileyo, i-conduit yokulinganisa, kunye nemibhobho kwiziphelo zombini ze-transmitter kufuneka zibekwe phantsi kwaye zisete indawo eyahlukileyo.Ungaze uqhagamshele kumhlaba woluntu weenjini, izixhobo zombane, njl.
Uhlobo lwe-ultrasonic
Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zeflow metre yi-Doppler flow meters kunye ne-time difference flow meters.I-Flowmeter ye-Doppler ibona izinga lokuhamba ngokusekelwe kwinguqu kwi-frequency yamaza omsindo abonakaliswe yinjongo ehambayo kumanzi alinganisiweyo.Le ndlela ilungele ukulinganisa ulwelo olukwisantya esiphezulu.Akufanelekanga ukulinganisa i-low-speed fluids, kwaye ukuchaneka kuphantsi, kwaye ukuguquguquka kodonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho kufuneka kube phezulu, kodwa isiphaluka sayo silula.
Umehluko wexesha le-flowmeter ilinganisa isantya sokuhamba ngokomahluko wexesha phakathi kokusasazwa kwangaphambili nasemva kwamaza e-ultrasonic kwi-injection fluid.Ekubeni ubukhulu bexesha lomahluko lincinci, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuchaneka kokulinganisa, iimfuno zesekethe ye-elektroniki ziphezulu, kwaye iindleko zemitha zanda ngokufanelekileyo.Umahluko wexesha lokuqukuqela ulungelelanisa ulwelo olusulungekileyo lwelaminar kunye nentsimi yesantya sokuhamba.Kulwelo olunesiphithiphithi, ii-flowmeters zokwahlukana kwexesha le-beam ezininzi zingasetyenziswa.
Uxande lomzuzu
Olu hlobo lwe-flowmeter lusekelwe kumgaqo wokulondoloza umzuzu wokukhawuleza.Ulwelo luchaphazela indawo ejikelezayo ukuze ijikeleze, kwaye isantya senxalenye ejikelezayo silingana nesantya sokuhamba.Emva koko sebenzisa iindlela ezinje ngemagnetism, optics, kunye nokubala koomatshini ukuguqula isantya sibe ngumqondiso wombane ukubala isantya sokuhamba.
I-Turbine flowmeter yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kunye nodidi oluchanekileyo loluhlobo lwesixhobo.Ifanelekile kwi-gas kunye ne-media media, kodwa ihluke kancinci kwisakhiwo.Kwigesi, i-angle yayo ye-impeller incinci kwaye inani lee-blades likhulu., Ukuchaneka kwe-flowmeter ye-turbine kungafikelela kwi-0.2% -0.5%, kwaye inokufikelela kwi-0.1% kuluhlu oluncinci, kunye ne-turndown ratio yi-10: 1.Ukulahlekelwa koxinzelelo kuncinci kwaye ukunyanzeliswa koxinzelelo kuphezulu, kodwa kuneemfuno ezithile ekucocekeni kwamanzi, kwaye kuchaphazeleka ngokulula kukuxinana kunye ne-viscosity yamanzi.Incinci i-diameter yomngxuma, inkulu impembelelo.Njengepleyiti ye-orifice, qinisekisa ukuba kukho okwaneleyo ngaphambi nasemva kwendawo yofakelo.Icandelo lombhobho oluchanekileyo ukuphepha ukujikeleza kwamanzi kunye nokutshintsha i-angle yesenzo kwi-blade.
Ukufuduswa okulungileyo
Umgaqo wokusebenza wolu hlobo lwesixhobo ulinganiswa ngokwentshukumo echanekileyo yesixa esimiselweyo solwelo ngalunye ujiko olunye lomzimba ojikelezayo.Uyilo lwesixhobo luhlukile, njenge-oval gear flowmeter, i-rotary piston flowmeter, i-scraper flowmeter njalo njalo.Uluhlu lwe-oval gear flowmeter lukhulu kakhulu, olunokufikelela kwi-20: 1, kwaye ukuchaneka kuphezulu, kodwa i-gear ehambayo ilula ukunamathela ngokungcola kumanzi.Izinga lokuhamba kweyunithi ye-rotary piston flowmeter inkulu, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu zesakhiwo, umthamo wokuvuza uphezulu.Enkulu, ayichanekanga kakuhle.I-flowmeter efanelekileyo yokufuduka ixhomekeke kwi-viscosity yamanzi, kwaye ifanelekile kwimidiya efana negrisi kunye namanzi, kodwa ayifanelekanga kwimidiya efana ne-steam kunye nomoya.
I-flowmeters nganye ekhankanywe ngasentla ineenzuzo zayo kunye nokungonakali, kodwa nangona luhlobo olufanayo lwemitha, iimveliso ezibonelelwa ngabavelisi abahlukeneyo zinemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yesakhiwo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-15-2021